GPS World, August 2012

THE ALMANAC Galileo Constellation SATELLITE NORAD ID LAUNCHED OPERATIONAL SIGNALS CLOCK NOTES GIOVE A 28922 12 28 05 A B GIOVE B 32781 4 27 08 7 5 08 E1 CBOC E5 Rb A C PFM GSAT0101 37846 10 21 11 12 10 11 E1 CBOC E5 E6 H D FM2 GSAT0102 37847 10 21 11 1 16 12 E1 CBOC E5 E6 Rb E A GIOVE A and B can only transmit two signals at a time either E1 E5 or E1 E6 B Navigation signals from GIOVE A were switched off on June 30 2012 and the satellite decommissioned for ESA use Notes C Switched from hydrogen maser to rubidium atomic clock Outage between February 6 and 27 2012 Orbit raising maneuvers began on July 24 2012 Transmitter off beginning July 23 2012 D ProtoFlight Model uses PRN code 11 E1 mode switched from BOC 11 to CBOC at the end of June 2012 E Flight Model 2 uses PRN code 12 E1 mode switched from BOC 11 to CBOC at the end of June 2012 Beidou Compass Constellation SATELLITE NORAD ID LAUNCHED ORBIT NOTES Beidou 1 Beidou 1A 26599 10 30 00 Disposal A Beidou 1B 26643 12 20 00 Disposal B Beidou 1C 27813 5 24 03 GEO 85 E C Beidou 1D 30323 2 2 07 Disposal D Beidou 2 Compass Beidou M1 31115 4 13 07 MEO period 1289 hours E Beidou G2 34779 4 14 09 GEO drifting F Beidou G1 36287 1 16 10 GEO 140 E G Beidou G3 36590 6 2 10 GEO 84 E Beidou IGSO1 36828 7 31 10 IGSO 118 E 550 incl Beidou G4 37210 10 31 10 GEO 1600 E Beidou IGSO2 37256 12 17 10 IGSO 118 E 550 incl Beidou IGSO3 37384 4 9 11 IGSO 118 E 550 incl Beidou IGSO4 37763 7 26 11 IGSO 95 E 550 incl Beidou IGSO5 37948 12 1 11 IGSO 95 E 550 incl Beidou G5 38091 2 24 12 GEO 5875 E Beidou M3 38250 4 29 12 MEO period 1289 hours Beidou M4 38251 4 29 12 MEO period 1289 hours Galileo System Information Galileo is a joint initiative of the European Commission EC ec europa eu and the European Space Agency ESA www esa int Initially they formed the Galileo Joint Undertaking GJU to manage Galileos development phase The European GNSS Supervisory Authority GSA www gsa europa eu headquartered in Brussels Belgium took over Galileo responsibility from GJU on January 1 2007 The GSAs tasks include management of the first series of satellites to ensure the large scale demonstration of the capabilities and reliability of the Galileo system The first two Galileo satellites will secure the systems frequency allocation and validate key technologies for the full Galileo constellation Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd SSTL www sstl co uk in Guildford United Kingdom constructed the first test satellite Formerly known as the Galileo System Test Bed GSTB V2 A satellite it has been christened Galileo In Orbit Validation Element A GIOVE A and was launched on December 28 2005 The second test satellite GSTB V2 B or GIOVE B constructed by a team led by Astrium GmbH www astrium eads net in Ottobrunn near Munich Germany was launched on April 26 2008 It continues to transmit test signals The first two in orbit validation IOV satellites provided by Astrium were launched on October 21 2011 and are transmitting test signals The next two IOV satellites are scheduled for launch during the fall of 2012 A GEO formerly at 5875 E placed in disposal orbit on or about November 21 2011 B GEO formerly at 805 E placed in disposal orbit on or about November 23 2011 C GEO formerly at 1105 E shifted to 85 E between about June 2 and July 7 2012 D GEO formerly at 145 E placed in disposal orbit on or about February 18 2009 Notes E Flight test satellite F Initially achieved geostationary orbit at a longitude of about 845 E but appears to have become uncontrollable shortly thereafter Librating about the 75 E libration point G GEO formerly at 1445 E shifted to 140 E between about June 30 and July 9 2011 Beidou Compass System Information China fielded a demonstration regional satellite based navigation system known as Beidou Chinese for the Big Dipper asterism following a program of research and development that began in 1980 The initial constellation of three geostationary Earth orbit GEO satellites was completed in 2003 A fourth GEO satellite was launched in 2007 The initial regional Beidou system Beidou 1 is being expanded in stages into a global system known as Beidou 2 or Compass It will include five GEO satellites 27 medium Earth orbit MEO satellites and five inclined geosynchronous orbit IGSO satellites The system will cover the Asia Pacific region by 2012 with the global system expected to be fully completed by 2020 Beidou 2 Compass was declared operational for use in China and surrounding areas on December 27 2011 For more information www dragoninspace com navigation beidou aspx www dragoninspace com navigation compass beidou2 aspx www beidou gov cn Satellite Based Augmentation Systems Notes SBAS SATELLITE ORBIT LONGITUDE PRN NO NOTES A Inmarsat 3 F2 began Safety of Life Service on March 2 2011 and is transmitting message type 2 EGNOS Inmarsat 3 F2 AOR E 155 W 120 A B Artemis switched roles with Inmarsat 4 F2 on March 22 23 2012 Now transmitting message type 0 0 for industry tests C Inmarsat 4 F2 began Safety of Life Service on March 22 2012 and is transmitting message type 2 D GSAT 8 was launched on May 20 2011 Satellite is transmitting test signals E MSAS commissioned for aviation use on September 27 2007 Either satellite can transmit both PRN signals if necessary F QZS 1 nicknamed Michibiki transmits an L1 augmentation signal using PRN code 183 That signal is in test mode Switched from Rb clock 2 to Rb clock 1 on June 4 2012 G Luch 5A was launched on December 11 2011 Initially positioned at 585 E it was shifted to 95 E between about May 30 and June 28 2012 Transmissions as PRN 140 began on July 12 2012 H Galaxy 15 ranging supports enroute through precision approach modes Switched to backup satellite oscillator on January 6 2012 I Anik F1R ranging supports enroute through precision approach modes Switched to backup satellite oscillator on January 6 2012 J The Galaxy 15 and and Anik F1R payloads operated by Lockhhed Martin for the FAA are known as LMPRS 1 and LMPRS 2 respectively K Inmarsat 4 F3 supports non precision approach ranging service Artemis 215 E 124 B Inmarsat 4 F2 25 E 126 C GAGAN GSAT 8 55 E 127 D MSAS MTSAT 1R 140 E 129 E MTSAT 2 145 E 137 E QZSS QZS 1 135 E 183 F SDCM Luch 5A 95 E 140 G WAAS Intelsat Galaxy 15 CRW 133 W 135 H J TeleSat Anik F1R CRE 1073 W 138 I J Inmarsat 4 F3 AMR 98 W 133 K GNSS Internet Resources The Aerospace Corporations GPS Primer www aero org education primers gps Beidou Compass System Information www dragoninspace com navigation beidou aspx Canadian Space Geodesy Forum http gge unb ca Resources CANSPACE html Civil GPS Service Interface Committee http www navcen uscg gov pageName cgsicGeneralInfo Czech Technical University Radio Engineering Dept http radio feld cvut cz satnav EC Directorate General for Energy and Transport Galileo http ec europa eu enterprise policies satnav galileo Educational Observatory Institute www edu observatory org gps gps html European Space Agency Galileo www esa int esaNA Federal Aviation Administration Navigation Services http gps faa gov Federal Geographic Data Committee www fgdc gov European GNSS Supervisory Authority GSA www gsa europa eu European Satellite Services Provider EGNOS www essp sas eu Geoscience Australia www ga gov au GPS Geodesy and Application Program www onlinegnss com How GPS Receivers Work www howstuffworks com gps htm The Institute of Navigation www ion org International GNSS Service http igscb jpl nasa gov Japanese Quasi Zenith Satellite System QZSS www jaxa jp projects sat qzss index_ e html GPS Applications www gps gov applications National Air and Space Museum GPS A New Constellation http airandspace si edu exhibitions gps National Executive Committee for Space Based Positioning Navigation Timing www pnt gov National Geodetic Survey www ngs noaa gov CORS National Geospatial Intelligence Agency http earth info nga mil GandG sathtml National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Time and Frequency Division http www nist gov pml div688 National Survey and Cadastre Denmark www kms dk Natural Resources Canada Geodetic Survey www geod nrcan gc ca Russian Space Agency Information Analytical Centre www glonass ianc rsa ru Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center SOPAC http sopac ucsd edu 2nd Space Operations Squadron GPS Constellation Status https gps afspc af mil gps GPS Test Center of Expertise https gpstest 46tg af mil webpub general bbstest nsf USAF Global Positioning Systems Directorate http gps losangeles af mil U S Coast Guard Navigation Center www navcen uscg gov U S Naval Observatory http tycho usno navy mil gps html WAAS Test Team www nstb tc faa gov For a more detailed list of resources on GNSS with hotlinks go to www gpsworld com almanac www gpsworld com August 2012 GPS World 47