GPS World, December 2011

THE ALMANAC Galileo Constellation SATELLITE NORAD ID LAUNCHED OPERATIONAL SIGNALS CLOCK NOTES GIOVE A 28922 12 28 05 2 20 06 E1 BOC 11 E5 Rb A B GIOVE B 32781 4 27 08 7 5 08 E1 CBOC E5 H A C PFM GSAT0101 37846 10 21 11 D FM2 GSAT0102 37847 10 21 11 D Notes A GIOVE A and B can only transmit two signals at a time either E1 E5 or E1 E6 B Operates on rubidium atomic clock Orbit raised by 80 km during July and August 2009 Outage from July 21 27 2011 Switch from E6 to E5 transmissions on September 23 2011 C Switched from rubidium to hydrogen maser atomic clock at the end of April 2011 Outage from June 21 to July 7 2011 D The first two IOV satellites are being positioned into their designated orbits and undergoing tests Beidou Compass Constellation SATELLITE NORAD ID LAUNCHED ORBIT NOTES Beidou 1 Beidou 1A 26599 10 30 00 GEO 140 E 5875 E A Beidou 1B 26643 12 20 00 GEO 805 E Beidou 1C 27813 5 24 03 GEO 1105 E Beidou 1D 30323 2 2 07 Disposal B Beidou 2 Compass Beidou M1 31115 4 13 07 MEO period 1289 hours Beidou G2 34779 4 14 09 GEO drifting C Beidou G1 36287 1 16 10 GEO 1600 E 1445 E D Beidou G3 36590 6 2 10 GEO 84 E Beidou IGSO1 36828 7 31 10 IGSO 118 E 550 incl Beidou G4 37210 10 31 10 GEO 1600 E Beidou IGSO2 37256 12 17 10 IGSO 118 E 550 incl Beidou IGSO3 37384 4 9 11 IGSO 118 E 550 incl Beidou IGSO4 37763 7 26 11 IGSO 95 E 550 incl E Galileo System Information Galileo is a joint initiative of the European Commission EC ec europa eu and the European Space Agency ESA www esa int Initially they formed the Galileo Joint Undertaking GJU to manage Galileos development phase The European GNSS Supervisory Authority GSA www gsa europa eu headquartered in Brussels Belgium took over Galileo responsibility from GJU on January 1 2007 The GSAs tasks include management of the first series of satellites to ensure the large scale demonstration of the capabilities and reliability of the Galileo system The first two Galileo satellites will secure the systems frequency allocation and validate key technologies for the full Galileo constellation Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd SSTL www sstl co uk in Guildford United Kingdom constructed the first test satellite Formerly known as the Galileo System Test Bed GSTB V2 A satellite it has been christened Galileo In Orbit Validation Element A GIOVE A and was launched on December 28 2005 It continues to transmit test signals The second test satellite GSTB V2 B or GIOVE B constructed by a team led by Astrium GmbH www astrium eads net in Ottobrunn near Munich Germany was launched on April 26 2008 It continues to transmit test signals The first two in orbit validation IOV satellites provided by Astrium were launched on October 21 2011 and are undergoing commissioning tests The next two IOV satellites are scheduled for launch during the summer of 2012 Notes A GEO initially positioned at 140 E shifted to 5875 E by November 28 2010 B GEO initially positioned at 1450 E Placed in disposal orbit on February 18 2009 C Initially achieved geostationary orbit at a longitude of about 845 E but appears to have become uncontrollable shortly thereafter Librating about the 75 E libration point D Initially positioned at 1600 E shifted to 1445 E by February 22 2010 E Testing Beidou Compass System Information China fielded a demonstration regional satellite based navigation system known as Beidou Chinese for the Big Dipper asterism following a program of research and development that began in 1980 The initial constellation of three geostationary Earth orbit GEO satellites was completed in 2003 A fourth GEO satellite was launched in 2007 The initial regional Beidou system Beidou 1 is being expanded in stages into a global system known as Beidou 2 or Compass It will include five GEO satellites 27 medium Earth orbit MEO satellites and five inclined geosynchronous orbit IGSO satellites The system will cover the Asia Pacific region by 2012 with the global system expected to be fully completed by 2020 The current Beidou 2 Compass operational 3 3 constellation consists of G1 G3 G4 IGSO1 IGSO2 and IGSO3 For more information www sinodefence com space satellite beidou1 asp www sinodefence com space satellite beidou2 asp www beidou gov cn Notes Satellite Based Augmentation Systems SBAS SATELLITE ORBIT LONGITUDE PRN NO NOTES EGNOS Inmarsat 3 F2 AOR E 155 W 120 A A Inmarsat 3 F2 began Safety of Life Service on March 2 2011 and is transmitting message type 2 B Artemis began Safety of Life Service on March 2 2011 and is transmitting message type 2 C Inmarsat 4 F2 is transmitting message type 0 2 for industry tests D GSAT 8 was launched on May 20 2011 Satellite is transmitting test signals E MSAS commissioned for aviation use on September 27 2007 Either satellite can transmit both PRN signals if necessary F QZS 1 nicknamed Michibiki transmits an L1 augmentation signal using PRN code 183 That signal is in test mode G Control of Galaxy 15 was regained in December 2010 The satellite was repositioned to an orbital slot at 1331 W and returned to operational service on March 18 2011 Ranging supports enroute through precision approach modes H Anik F1R ranging supports enroute through precision approach modes I The Galaxy 15 and and Anik F1R payloads operated by Lockhhed Martin for the FAA are known as LMPRS 1 and LMPRS 2 respectively J Inmarsat 4 F3 began operational service on November 11 2010 and the satelllite is expected to provide non precision approach ranging service early in 2012 Reports indicate that this service may already be available Artemis 215 E 124 B Inmarsat 4 F2 25 E 126 C GAGAN GSAT 8 55 E 127 D MSAS MTSAT 1R 140 E 129 E MTSAT 2 145 E 137 E QZSS QZS 1 135 E 183 F WAAS Intelsat Galaxy 15 CRW 1331 W 135 G I TeleSat Anik F1R CRE 1073 W 138 H I Inmarsat 4 F3 AMR 98 W 133 J GNSS Internet Resources The Aerospace Corporations GPS Primer www aero org education primers gps Beidou Compass System Information www sinodefence com space satellite beidou1 asp Canadian Space Geodesy Forum http gge unb ca Resources CANSPACE html Civil GPS Service Interface Committee http www navcen uscg gov pageName cgsicGeneralInfo Czech Technical University Radio Engineering Dept http radio feld cvut cz satnav EC Directorate General for Energy and Transport Galileo http ec europa eu enterprise policies satnav galileo Educational Observatory Institute www edu observatory org gps gps html European Space Agency Galileo www esa int esaNA Federal Aviation Administration Navigation Services http gps faa gov Federal Geographic Data Committee www fgdc gov European GNSS Supervisory Authority GSA www gsa europa eu European Satellite Services Provider EGNOS www essp sas eu Geoscience Australia www ga gov au GPS Geodesy and Application Program www gnss umaine edu How GPS Receivers Work www howstuffworks com gps htm The Institute of Navigation www ion org International GNSS Service http igscb jpl nasa gov Japanese Quasi Zenith Satellite System QZSS www jaxa jp projects sat qzss index_ e html NASAs GPS Applications Exchange http gpshome ssc nasa gov default aspx National Air and Space Museum GPS A New Constellation www nasm si edu exhibitions gps National Executive Committee for Space Based Positioning Navigation Timing www pnt gov National Geodetic Survey www ngs noaa gov National Geospatial Intelligence Agency http earth info nga mil GandG sathtml National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST Time and Frequency Division http tf nist gov National Survey and Cadastre Denmark www kms dk Natural Resources Canada Geodetic Survey www geod nrcan gc ca Russian Space Agency Information Analytical Centre www glonass ianc rsa ru Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center SOPAC http sopac ucsd edu 2nd Space Operations Squadron https gps afspc af mil gps 746 Test Squadron GPS Information Archive https gpstest 46tg af mil webpub general bbstest nsf USAF Global Positioning Systems Directorate http gps losangeles af mil U S Coast Guard Navigation Center www navcen uscg gov U S Naval Observatory http tycho usno navy mil gps html WAAS Test Team www nstb tc faa gov For a more detailed list of resources on GNSS with hotlinks go to www gpsworld com almanac GPS World December 2011 www gpsworld com 48